Autoimmune disease
Autoimmune diseases arise from an overactive immune response of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body. In other words, the body actually attacks its own cells. The immune system mistakes some part of the body as a pathogen and attacks it. This may be restricted to certain organs (e.g. in chagas disease) or involve a particular tissue in different places (e.g. Goodpasture's disease which may affect the basement membrane in both the lung and the kidney). The treatment of autoimmune diseases is typically with immunosuppression—medication which decreases the immune response.
There is an on-going discussion about when a disease should be considered autoimmune, leading to different criteria such as Witebsky's postulates.
Overview
- ^ American Academy of Dermatology, http://www.aad.org/public/publications/pamphlets/common_alopecia.html
- ^ htmlThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, http://www.mdanderson.org/patient-and-cancer-information/cancer-information/cancer-types/alopecia-areata/index.html
- ^ HLA-B27 and Ankylosing Spondylitis, http://www.hlab27.com
- ^ Inflammatory Diseases of Immune Dysregulation, http://www.idid.us
- ^ Khan MA, Khan MK (1982). "Diagnostic Value of HLA-B27 Testing in Ankylosing Spondylitis and Reiter's Syndrome". Annals of Internal Medicine January 1, 1982 vol. 96 no. 1 70-76 96 (1): 70–76; author reply 76. PMID 7053711.
- ^ Hyland KV, Engman DM (2006). "Further thoughts on where we stand on the autoimmunity hypothesis of Chagas disease". Trends Parasitol. 22 (3): 101–2; author reply 103. doi:10.1016/j.pt.2006.01.001. PMID 16446117.
- ^ Agustí A, MacNee W, Donaldson K, Cosio M. (2003). "Hypothesis: does COPD have an autoimmune component?". Thorax 58 (10): 832–834. doi:10.1136/thorax.58.10.832. PMID 14514931.
- ^ Lee SH, Goswami S, Grudo A, et al. (2007). "Antielastin autoimmunity in tobacco smoking-induced emphysema". Nat. Med. 13 (5): 567–9. doi:10.1038/nm1583. PMID 17450149.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o MeSH Autoimmune+Diseases
- ^ a b "Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Autoimmune Disorders of Connective Tissue: Merck Manual Home Edition". http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec05/ch068/ch068e.html.
- ^ Gleicher N, el-Roeiy A, Confino E, Friberg J (1987). "Is endometriosis an autoimmune disease?". Obstetrics and gynecology 70 (1): 115–22. PMID 3110710.
- ^ "Clinical Trial: Etanercept in Hidradenitis Suppurativa". http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00329823. Retrieved 2007-07-08.
- ^ Kárpáti F, Dénes L, Büttner K (1975). "[Interstitial cystitis=autoimmune cyatitis? Interstitial as a participating disease in lupus erythematosus]" (in German). Zeitschrift für Urologie und Nephrologie 68 (9): 633–9. PMID 1227191.
- ^ a b Takehara K, Sato S (2005). "Localized scleroderma is an autoimmune disorder". Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 44 (3): 274–9. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keh487. PMID 15561734.
- ^ "Narcolepsy is an autoimmune disorder, Stanford researcher says". EurekAlert. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 2009-05-03. http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-05/sumc-nia042809.php. Retrieved 2009-05-31.
- ^ Maddison P (2006). "Neuromyotonia". Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology 117 (10): 2118–27. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2006.03.008. PMID 16843723.
- ^ "MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pernicious anemia". http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000569.htm. Retrieved 2008-04-05.
- ^ National Psoriasis Foundation, http://www.psoriasis.org/home/learn01.php
- ^ National Psoriasis Foundation, http://www.psoriasis.org/home/learn02.php
- ^ "Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: Fatty Liver, Cirrhosis, and Related Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition". http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec10/ch136/ch136d.html. Retrieved 2008-04-05.
- ^ "Relapsing Polychondritis: Autoimmune Disorders of Connective Tissue: Merck Manual Home Edition". http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec05/ch068/ch068g.html.
- ^ Eaton WW, Byrne M, Ewald H, et al. (2006). "Association of schizophrenia and autoimmune diseases: linkage of Danish national registers". The American journal of psychiatry 163 (3): 521–8. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.3.521. PMID 16513876.
- ^ Jones AL, Mowry BJ, Pender MP, Greer JM (2005). "Immune dysregulation and self-reactivity in schizophrenia: do some cases of schizophrenia have an autoimmune basis?". Immunol. Cell Biol. 83 (1): 9–17. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01305.x. PMID 15661036.
- ^ Strous RD, Shoenfeld Y (2006). "Schizophrenia, autoimmunity and immune system dysregulation: a comprehensive model updated and revisited". J. Autoimmun. 27 (2): 71–80. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2006.07.006. PMID 16997531.
- ^ "Autoimmune Disorders: Immune Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition". http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec16/ch186/ch186a.html.
- ^ "Questions and Answers about Vitiligo". http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/topics/vitiligo/vitiligo.htm. Retrieved 2007-08-06.
- ^ "A New Gene Linked to Vitiligo and Susceptibility to Autoimmune Disorders - Journal Watch Dermatology". http://dermatology.jwatch.org/cgi/content/full/2007/330/1. Retrieved 2007-08-06.
- ^ Sánchez-Cano D, Callejas-Rubio JL, Ortego-Centeno N (April 2008). "Effect of rituximab on refractory Wegener granulomatosis with predominant granulomatous disease". J Clin Rheumatol 14 (2): 92–3. doi:10.1097/RHU.0b013e31816b4487. PMID 18391678. http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?an=00124743-200804000-00008.
- ^ National Institutes of Health[1]
- ^ Noel R. Rose and Ian R. MacKay, “The Autoimmune Diseases” fourth edition
- ^ Frost & Sullivan Report, “Antibody Technology Developments” September 2005
External links
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